Table 1 Overview of STING agonists in Cancer therapy
From: The cGAS‒STING pathway in cancer immunity: mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic implications
Types | Drug Names | Dosing route | Indications | mouse strains | Development stage | Results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural STING agonists | c-diGMP | Intravenous injection | Melanoma | C57BL/6 | Pre-clinical | Generated large numbers of antigen-specific CD8 T cells capable of recognizing tumor cells and produced significant therapeutic anti-tumor effects in mice | [64] |
c-diAMP | Intratumoral injection | Bladder | C57BL/6 | Pre-clinical | Significant reduction in tumor volume and a significant reduction in tumor weight. | [96] | |
3’,3’-cGAMP | Intraperitoneal infection | B-cell malignant tumor | NSG | Pre-clinical | Significantly inhibited tumor growth in a mouse myeloma model. Moreover, the migration of myeloma cells was inhibited to some extent. | [97] | |
2’,3’-cGAMP | Intravenous infection | Adenocarcinoma of the colon | BALB/c | Pre-clinical | significant reduction in tumor volume, a significant reduction in tumor weight, and a significant increase in survival rate in mice. | [98] | |
Synthetic STING agonists | ADU-S100 | Intratumoral injection | Advanced solid tumors; lymphomas; | - | Phase 1 | Developed a good therapeutic effect in patients with fewer adverse effects | [101] |
MK-1454 | Intratumoral injection | Advanced solid tumors; lymphomas; head and neck cancer | - | Phase 1 | The efficacy of MK-1454 in combination with Pembrolizumab was encouraging, with regression of both injectable and non-injectable lesions | [104] | |
E7766 | Intratumoral injection | Triple-negative breast cancer | BALB/c | Pre-clinical | Significantly enhances the efficacy of eribulin, promoting IFN release as well as the immune response in vivo. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited and survival rate was significantly improved in bladder tumor. | [106] | |
Small molecule STING agonists | diABZI | Intravenous injection | Colon tumor | BALB/c | Pre-clinical | Tumor growth was significantly inhibited and survival was significantly improved. | [110] |
Triazole 40 | Intravenous injection | Breast cancer | BALB/c | Pre-clinical | Resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth and increased survival rate | [111] | |
4c | Intravenous injection | Colorectal cancer | BALB/c | Pre-clinical | Significant inhibition of tumor growth and improved survival | [112] | |
24b | intravenous injection | Colorectal cancer | BALB/c | Pre-clinical | Significant inhibition of tumor growth and increased survival rate | [113] | |
MSA-2 | Oral | Melanoma; colorectal cancer | C57BL/6 | Pre-clinical | Tumor growth was significantly inhibited and survival rate was significantly increased | [114] | |
SR-717 | Intraperitoneal injection | Melanoma | C57BL/6 | Pre-clinical | Significant inhibition of tumor growth and improved survival rate | [115] | |
MK2118 | Intratumoral injection | advanced solid tumors; lymphomas | - | Phase 1 | Showing a more pronounced immune response | [116] |