Fig. 5

Potential applications of sicXer and boXer in multiple myeloma treatment. A. In asymptomatic or relapsed myeloma, progressing osteolytic bone lesions are a frequent reason to start treatment to avoid pathological fractures and major structural damage. B. A specific condition is present if this appears in a patient either resistant to all applicable treatments, or in whom, due to side effects of previous treatment, no more systemic chemotherapy or radiotherapy can be applied. Local release of high bortezomib doses (e.g., using boXer-500) could, due to applicable doses, overcome bortezomib-resistance and lead to local tumor control and, with the mechanical properties of the material, to stabilization. C. In the absence of minimal residual disease, osteolytic lesions represent potential “safe zones” in which myeloma cells have survived treatment. Eliminating these let envision prolonged time to progression or even, optimistically, can contribute to a cure of myeloma